Analysis of labor shortage in the hottest packagin

Analysis of "labor shortage" in the packaging and printing industry

after the spring, there is another labor shortage. Labor shortage has now become a worry for the packaging and printing industry years later. Many enterprises wonder: How did the wave of migrant workers in the past become a labor shortage today

first of all, from the national level, labor shortage is a common trend

Lewis inflection point + the rise of the central and western regions

after years of enjoying the demographic dividend, China's economic development has encountered Lewis inflection point, and the demographic dividend is drifting away. Lewis inflection point, founded by American economist Lewis, refers to the scarcity of capital and excess labor in the early stage of industrialization

in the process of industrialization, enterprises continue to absorb the surplus labor force in rural areas, and the wage level at that time depends on the income level of farmers. When industrialization absorbs all the surplus labor force, the wage level depends on the marginal productivity of labor. If we do not improve wages and welfare and labor conditions, we will not be able to hire the required labor force

in the last century, China's coastal areas undertook the transfer of international manufacturing industries, vigorously developed labor-intensive enterprises by using demographic dividends, established the status of the largest manufacturing country, and in exchange for economic take-off, but when the human cost increased, the inflection point also came unexpectedly

China's packaging and printing enterprises are mainly concentrated in the coastal areas of the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta. In the process of the rise of the central and western regions, due to preferential policies and low labor costs compared with the coastal areas, many labor-intensive enterprises have shifted from the eastern coastal areas to the central and western inland areas, including the transfer of relevant printing and packaging enterprises

with the transfer of enterprises, the number of job opportunities in the mainland has increased, and the pressure of life is small, which has caused the return of labor, and the packaging and printing enterprises in coastal areas are facing the problem of labor shortage

due to the unique characteristics of the printing industry. In addition, the unique characteristics of the printing industry is also the reason why it is difficult to recruit workers

the printing industry is a highly labor-intensive industry. As a labor-intensive industry, high labor motivation is an unavoidable problem

in order to improve the efficiency of enterprises and reduce costs, many printing enterprises are stopped by people and machines. They work in two shifts for 24 hours, with an average of 12 hours. They adopt the shift system. When the black-and-white liner arrives, the average rest day varies for a month, and some printing enterprises even have no rest

many workers are not adapted to this form of labor, especially the second and third generations of migrant workers after the 1980s and 1990s, who are unwilling to engage in such high-intensity labor

especially around the Spring Festival, the post-80s and 90s are eager to go home for the new year. At this time, the packaging and printing industry will usher in the peak of business volume, and each worker will bear high-intensity labor tasks in a short time. Therefore, returning home for the Spring Festival and changing jobs after the Spring Festival has become the choice of the new generation of migrant workers, and the labor shortage will also reach a climax around the Spring Festival

compared with other labor-intensive industries, the printing industry is not a threshold free industry. Modern printing industry is dominated by large printing machines, which need a certain technical foundation as a guarantee. Many migrant workers do not understand printing technology, which leads to the fact that when migrant workers enter the printing enterprise, they need to do a lot of training before they can officially take up their posts

the cycle of promotion from ordinary workers to a mature printer captain after taking office generally requires 3 to 5 years of training in the workshop in order to master the process of machine adjustment and color matching of a printing machine. The long maturity cycle makes general workers without corresponding printing technology have to choose other industries with less technology content and short maturity cycle for employment

in addition, the printing house has entered the era of low profit since Beijing University of technology took over the "hard bone" industry in 2010. Affected by the industrial transformation and upgrading and the rising cost of raw materials, enterprises need a large number of printing businesses to achieve revenue, so enterprises must improve efficiency and reduce enterprise costs

therefore, the wages of general workers in printing enterprises are relatively low. In addition, many printing enterprises have high accuracy and sensitivity in the measurement and control of load, deformation and displacement. In addition, the unreasonable wage system makes the treatment of printers not very high relative to working hours

facing the problem of labor shortage, it seems that it is time for the packaging and printing industry to make a change

it is urgent to accelerate the transformation and upgrading of enterprises. The labor shortage forced enterprises to transform and upgrade, replacing people with machines, introducing advanced equipment, strengthening technology research and development, and taking the high-end manufacturing route, making the industry change from labor-intensive to technology intensive. This transformation and upgrading is also the requirement of China's economic transformation and upgrading

in addition to technological upgrading, it is also an inevitable way to improve workers' wages and welfare. Improve wages, improve the working environment, strengthen staff training, and promote the vocational certification system, so that workers can change from ordinary technicians to senior manufacturing talents, and workers can change from workers to masters